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State of the Environment in Košice 2001
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Air quality

  What is the general situation with the ISSUE?

Within the framework of the entire territory of Slovakia, the largest quantity of emissions of basic pollutants as well as groups of gaseous inorganic pollutants is produced in the area of Košice. Local pollution of air in some localities sporadically exceeds limits of some pollutants set out by the valid legislation. Therefore the status of the "area requiring special air protection" is related to the territory of the city of Košice and adjacent villages (Bočiar, Haniska, Sokoľany, Veľká Ida). The generally binding regulation on the operation of smog warning and regulating system was issued by the respective regional office (Košice was the first city in Slovakia with this system). There are located here the most important sources of air pollution in Košice and its hinterland (29,637 ha).

The problems of air pollution in Košice are characterized by:

  • high annual quantities of emissions of pollutants from industrial stationary sources (for example – the highest specific territorial emissions in t/year.km2 of basic pollutants within the Slovak Republic),

  • increasing trend of air pollution by emissions of exhaust gases from mobile sources – automobile transport

  • local air pollution, mainly concentrations of NOx and fly dust.

Emissions of basic pollutants from stationary sources in the territory of Košice in 1995, 1997 a 1999

Source: SHMÚ (Slovak Institute of Hydrometeorology)

On the other hand, there exists a favourable general development of emissions from dominant sources in the territory of the City of Košice from the point of view of air pollution by sulphur dioxide and by solid particles. Loading the city with these pollutants has been gradually decreased since the late 80s. The trend of reduction of total emissions from stationary sources in Košice is a result of changes in:

  • fuel basis,
  • progressing introduction of gas and heat (central heating),
  • implementation of technical and technological measures in sources of air pollution.

It is a very positive fact that the magnesite works, which got to the close proximity to residential areas due to development of the city, was put out of operation in 1996. Emissions from processing of magnesite raw materials caused high dustiness with increased content of Mg components throughout the city and its surroundings.

Emissions of NM VOC in the Slovak Republic in 1990, 1993, 1995 – 1997 (t)

 

1990

1993

1995

1996

1997

Use of paints and adhesives

32,811

19,349

20,687

19,122

15,653

Chemical cleaning and degreasing

6,650

10,366

11,838

12,108

17,407

Exploitation, transportation and processing of oil

22,386

17,313

11,772

12,655

11,520

Distribution of fuels

3,624

3,674

4,237

3,808

5,533

Industrial organic chemistry

6,437

3,519

1,369

1,386

1,364

Combustion processes

11,465

11,317

3,264

4,005

3,157

Foodstuff industry

4,001

3,541

2,633

2,525

2,483

Metallurgical industry

1,924

2,136

2,024

2,310

2,183

Waste

8,298

1,605

574

526

287

Agriculture

651

436

436

436

436

Products

8,278

8,278

8,278

8,278

8,278

Transport

41,308

40,879

40,268

37,232

32,201

Total

147,833

122,413

107,379

104,391

100,502

Source: SHMÚ (Slovak Institute of Hydrometeorology)

Total anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases in Slovakia

 

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 Page Editor: Lucia Byšická
This page was last updated: 20.2.2002