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Surface waters The river network of Košice consists of the Hornád River, running from the north to the south, and its tributaries, Ťahanovský potok (Brook), Črmeľ (Brook), Myslavský potok (B rook) and Sokoliansky potok (Brook) belonging to the Bodrog and Hornád River Basin. The quality of surface water is monitored at three sampling points. The Hornád River enters the city with the quality ranging from Class II to Class V. The worst Class V is caused by a great quantity of coliform bacteria in the E Group of indicators and by concentrations of heavy metals (Hg) in the F Group of indicators. The A Group of indicators indicates the qualitative Class II, and B, C and D Groups of indicators indicate the qualitative Class II. The quality of water upstream the city is affected by pollution in the upper part of the river basin, which is caused by the mining activity. This is manifested by burdening of the stream by heavy metals – Hg. In the territory of the city, the quality of water is impaired in the B Group of indicators, from the Class II to the Class IV (the Mn content). The C Group of indicators was improved from the Class II to the Class II and in the F Group of indicators, from the Class V to the Class II. In the A Group of indicators, the quality of water has remained in the Class II, in the D Group of indicators has remained in the Class III and in the E Group of indicators, it has remained in the Class V as a result of the great quantity of coliform bacteria. In addition to the above, the quality of water was affected by Košice itself. The municipal sphere and industry belong among the largest sources of pollution of surface waters in the territory of the city.Source: Slovak Institute of Hydrometeorology Bratislava, PBH (Bodrog and Hornád River Basin Administration) Košice
Underground water An area important for water management – alluvial deposits of the Hornád River – interlopes the territory of the city from Družstevná pri Hornáde up to the state border. The monitoring network of the underground water quality includes 10 drill holes of the basic network of the Slovak Institute of Hydrometeorology and 1 exploited drill hole, which catches water from the Quaternary sediments. In the territory of Košice, the monitoring network consists of 3 drill holes of the basic network of the Slovak Institute of Hydrometeorology. The concentration of chlorinated hydrocarbons, 1,1,2 – trichlorethen and 1,1 dichlorethen, exceeded the limit in these monitored drill holes in the Hutníky – Sokoľany locality, which is the evidence on anthropogenic pollution of underground water.Source: Slovak Institute of Hydrometeorology Bratislava Drinking water supply Košice is supplied with drinking water from the Košice public water main. In addition to Košice, several villages from the Košice – Country District are supplied from this water main. Košice has available 633.1 km of the water supply network and 95.8 km of supply pipes, 42 pumping stations of a capacity 438.5 l.s-1, 2 water treatment plants of a capacity 900 l.s-1 and water reservoirs with the total volume of 131,200 m3 for the distribution of drinking water in its territory. Failure rate of the water supply network and supply pipes is relatively high due to account their age and material (only 20.1% is made of non-metallic material). In 2000, 99.4% of the population was supplied with water from the public water main. The large and comprehensive reconstruction of the water supply network was implemented in the Old Town Municipal District in 1997 – 2001 in relation to the general reconstruction of the city. In spite of the above fact, it is necessary to reconstruct the existing water supply distribution systems of a length approx. 150 km, which represents approx. 23% of the total length of the water supply network. Východoslovenské vodárne a kanalizácie, š.p. Košice, Košice Branch Plat (VVaK OZ) is the operator of the water supply network. Water is supplied into the public water mains from both underground and surface water sources. The quality of drinking water is monitored by the Drinking Water Laboratory of VVaK OZ Košice. Physical-chemical, microbiological and biological analyses are conducted on samples of drinking water. In 2000, the quality of water in water reservoirs and in distribution networks was in accordance with STN (Slovak Technical Standard) 75 7111 "Drinking water". The transient biological and microbiological unhealthiness of drinking water ascertained in the Pereš Municipal District was cleared away. Consumption of water In respect to the progressing reduction of water consumption and water take-off by consumers, the production and delivery of water is gradually decreased. The decrease takes place due to saving measures. The economic situation has forced many users to reassess their approach to water consumption and to begin to use it rationally. Taking into account the ascertained consumption of water Qm = 1,100 l.s-1 and its total accumulation in the volume of 131,200 m3, the percent coverage of water supply using its existing accumulation is very high, namely 119% thanks to its high coverage in the new housing estates. On the contrary, there are some municipal districts in the city, which are insufficiently covered with water reservoirs (Červený breh). Similarly, there are some districts in the city, where it is necessary to build up the water supply main in order that 100% of the population would be connected to the water supply main.Service water Municipal Technical Services administrated water reservoirs with service water, distribution systems of service water, pumping stations and delivery stations for Košice in the past. These facilities are out of operation now and there is a need of investments for their reconstruction. Service water for cleaning roads is pumped by Technical Services from the Hornád River. The total volume of service water pumped for splashing roads is 14,000 to 15,000. The Administration of Municipal Lawn and Planting uses service water for watering lawn and planting. For this purposes, it pumps out water from its own well. It consumes for watering lawn and planting approx. 7,400 m3 of water annually. In addition to the above, it administrates fountains and other facilities related to water management in the total number of 32 in the territory of the city. Sixteen of the above facilities are connected to own wells or water is transported in the tank truck from own well. Approx. 7,500 m3 of water is consumed for the operation of above facilities. The other fountains in the city are connected to the drinking water supply mains administrated by VVaK OZ Košice. Water meters are installed on supply pipes and the measured quantity of water is reported in the report on drinking water consumption.
Drainage and treatment of sewage water The territory of Košice is drained by the single-pipe system with overflows into the mechanical and biological Central Sewage Treatment Plant near Kokšov – Bakša. It consists of two parallel sewage treatment plants operated independently – the old and new one. Sewage water is drained through three sewerage headers in the average quantity of 1,275 l.s-1 with organic pollution BSK5 (biochemical oxygen demand) in the amount of 150 mg.l-1. The Hornád River is a recipient of treated sewage water. At the present time, the old sewage treatment plant is in operation with the designed capacity of biological treatment of 700 l.s-1. The biological stage of the new sewage treatment plant has been designed for 1,300 l.s-1, and will be put into trial operation by the end of year 2001. The Košice – Šaca Municipal District is drained separately into its mechanical and biological sewage treatment plant. After its reconstruction, it was put into trial operation to full capacity since August 12, 1998. After the comparison of required quality of water at the outlet with the parameters achieved in 2000 it is possible to state that the required quality of water was achieved in all chemical parameters at the outlet. The Košická Nová Ves Municipal District has also a separately designed drainage into the new sewage treatment plant, which is currently in trial operation. The construction of the sewerage has not been completed yet in full extent. At the present time, approx. 55% of population of this municipal district is connected to the public sewer. Rainwater is drained on the surface. The sewage treatment plant has been designed for 2,000 inhabitants with a possibility of its expansion in the future for 4,000 inhabitants. In the territory of Košice, there are 380.4 km of the sewerage system and 85.2 km of sewer connections. The connection rate of the population to the sewerage system and sewage treatment plants is 91.2%. |
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| Page Editor: Lucia Byšická |
This page was last updated: 20.2.2002 |