 
The condition of the biology of the TMM can be regarded as good. The Tshwane
Metropolitan Municipality is well known for its significant vegetation and urban
scenery, and it is home to a large number of well-developed parks, public open spaces
and nature areas. Pristine natural environments however, are only to be found in
areas proclaimed as nature reserves or receiving some or other form of protection.
Seven main veld types namely mixed woodland, clay thorn woodland, Rocky Highveld,
broadleaf woodland, tall granite grassland, "other thornveld" and "sour mixed
bushveld" characterize the Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality Area.
A great variety of invasive plant species also occur in the study area, especially
on the banks of the rivers and streams. Read
more.....
The diverse and scenic environment, which harbours rich fauna and flora, is mainly
threatened by pollution, urban development, the removal of undisturbed edge
vegetation (along the embankments of the water bodies) illegal settlements, invasive
plant species, the poaching and snaring of game and uncontrolled run away fires and
illegal dumping. Read more.....
Local, Provincial and National Government are developing new and improving existing
environmental legislation and policies in order to enable them to achieve sustainable
development. Other action that are taken to protect this valuable resource are:
- Law enforcement of the applicable environmental laws (i.e. Environmental
Conservation Act (Act No. 73 of 1989);
- Maintenance and management of existing protected areas;
- Private partnerships, joint ventures;
- Environmental Education;
- Environmental Management Systems (EMS);
- The compilation of the Environmental Resources Plan (ERP) for the old GPMA of
jurisdiction;
- Environmental Education (i.e. Enviro Centre, Tshwaing Crater, Working for Water,
Marabastad Local agenda 21 Project etc.); and
- Conservation Principles.
Read more.....
Read more about the indicators of Biology. Read
more.....
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